Case Study 2

Case Study 2 Springfield Express is a luxury passenger carrier in Texas. All seats are first class, and the following data are available: Number of seats per passenger train car 90 Average load factor (percentage of seats filled) 70% Average full passenger fare $ 160 Average variable cost per passenger $ 70 Fixed operating cost per month $3,150,000 Formula : Revenue = Units Sold * Unit priceContribution Margin = Revenue – All Variable Cost Contribution Margin Ratio = Contribution Margin/Selling Price Break Even Points in Units = (Total Fixed Costs + Target Profit )/Contribution Margin Break Even Points in Sales = (Total Fixed Costs + Target Profit )/Contribution Margin Ratio Margin of Safety = Revenue – Break Even Points in Sales Degree of Operating Leverage = Contribution Margin/Net Income Net Income = Revenue – Total Variable Cost – Total Fixed Cost Unit Product Cost using Absorption Cost = (Total Variable Cost + Total Fixed Cost)/# of units a. Contribu tion margin per passenger =$160 – $70 = $90Contribution margin ratio =$90/$160=56. 25% Break-even point in passengers = Fixed costs/Contribution Margin = $ 3,150,000/$90 Passengers =35,000 Break-even point in dollars = Fixed Costs/Contribution Margin Ratio = $ 3,150,000/56. 25% $ 5,600,000 b. Compute # of seats per train car (remember load factor? )= 90 * 70% = 63 Seats filled Compute # of train cars (rounded) = 35,000/63 = 556 train cars filled c. Contribution margin = $190 – $70 = $120 Break-even point in passengers = fixed costs/ contribution margin =$ 3,150,000/$120 Passengers = 26,250 BE = 90 seats *60% = 54Train cars (rounded) = 26,250/54 = 486 d. Contribution margin = $190 – $90 = $70 Break-even point in passengers = Fixed costs/Contribution Margin = $ 3,150,000/$70 Passengers =45,000 BE = 90 seats *70% = 63 Train cars (rounded) = 45,000/63 = 714 e. Contribution margin = $205 – $85 = $120 (P = Passengers) Sales205*P Variable Exp. 085*P Contribution M. 120*P Fixed Exp. 3,600,000 PretaxX Tax Exp. :X*30% Net Income Op. 750,000 750,000 = X – 0. 3X (X (1 – 0. 3) => 750,000/(1-0. 3) = X X=$ 1,071,428. 57 (Pre-Tax) $ 1,071,429= 120P – $ 3,600,000 => $ 1,071,429 + $ 3,600,000= 120P => 4,671,429/120= P P =38,928 f. Contribution margin = $120 – $70 = $50 # of discounted seats = 90*70%; 90*80% ( Difference is 10%; 90*10% = 9 Seats Contribution margin for discounted fares X #discounted seats = $50 * 9 Seats = $450 50 Train *$ 450 train cars per day * 30 days per month= $675,000 $ 675,000 (-) $ 180,000 additional fixed costs = $495,000 pretax income. g. 1. Compute Contribution margin Route 1 Route2 Overall Mix Sales160*P175*P335 *p Variable Exp. 070*P070*P140 *p Contribution M. 090*P105*P195 *P Route 1 Contribution Margin Ratio =$90/$160=56. 5% Route 2 Contribution Margin Ratio =$105/$175=60% Overall Contribution Margin Ratio =$195/$335=58. 20% Answer: Yes, it should, because the CMR is greater with the two rou tes. 2. BE = 90 * 60% = 54 Seats filled Contribution margin = $175 – $70 = $105 (P = Passengers) Sales175*P (54 Seats) Variable Exp. 070*P Contribution M. 105*P Fixed Exp. 3,150,000+250,000=3,400,000 Pretax120,000 120,000 = (105P*(54 Seats)) – 3,400,000 => 3,520,000 = 5,670P => 3,520,000/5,670 = P P=621 621/54 =12 train cars 3. Contribution margin = $175 – $70 = $105 BE = 90 seats *75% = 68Contribution margin = $175 – $70 = $105 (P = Passengers) Sales175*P (68 Seats) Variable Exp. 070*P Contribution M. 105*P Fixed Exp. 3,150,000+250,000=3,400,000 Pretax120,000 120,000 = (105P*(68 Seats)) – 3,400,000 => 3,520,000 = 7,140P => 3,520,000/7,140= P P=493 493/68 = 7 train cars 4. Springfield should consider Qualitative factors such as: (1) effect on employee morale, schedules and other internal elements; (2) relationships with and commitments to older and new suppliers; (3) effect on present and future customers; and (4) long-term future effect on profita bility and new businesses. Case Study 2 Chapter 2 Case Study Summary 1: 21-year old woman that has had type 1 diabetes for the past 8 years, was brought to the hospital in a coma. She was prescribed to take 92 units of insulin a day to maintain her sugar levels within normal limits and prevent excess sugar in her urine. Upon admission she was hypontensive, tachycardic and hyperventilating.Her labs show she is acidonic, arterial blood carbon dioxide levels were low, blood oxygen tension is normal, bicarbonate levels are really low indicating metabolic acidosis, low sodium levels, slightly high level of potassium, Chloride level is on the low end of normal, very high levels of blood urea and nitrogen, total carbon dioxide levels are really low, extremely high sugar levels and high creatinine levels. She tested positive for ketones. She recieved 8 units of regular insulin through an IV and 8 units per hour by IV infusion pump.Her blood sugar levels began to drop at about 100 mg/dL each hour. After seven hours her breathing an d pH went back to normal, following an injection of intravenous sodium bicarbonate to raise her pH and vigorous IV fluids and electrolyte replacement. 1. It seems her type 1 diabetes is uncontrolled. As her body could not use the sugar and there is not enough insulin, fat was used for fuel instead. During fat breakdown, byproducts called ketones are developed. Ketone bodies are acidic and dangerous when it build up in the body causing all her symptoms upon admission. . Yes, her pH levels became normal. Meaning her bicarbonate levels increased to compensate for the increased hydrogen proton levels in her blood. 3. When the body uses fat for energy instead of sugar, the body creates a byproduct called ketones. Since this is a byproduct, it flows through the renal system waiting to be expelled from the body. Normally, the existence of ketone bodies are detected through a urine sample. 4. The potassium results were high which can indicate some problem with her kidneys. 5.The low sodium results are based on the fact that sodiums job in the body is to keep proper acid-base equilibrium (homeostasis). Sodium has alkaline properties so if the levels are low the acid levels will be higher. 6. Diabetes can affect normal control of BP and can cause damage to the nerves supplying the blood vessels. When the blood pressure lowers the glomerular filtration rate decreases. 7. Anion gap measures of anions in the arterial blood. Anion gap equals chloride plus bicarbonate minus sodium Na-(Cl + HCO3-).The patient has a anion gap of 30. Normal levels are 7 to 16. 8. Osmolality measures the concentration of all chemical particles found in the fluid part of blood. Normal values range from 275 to 295. The patient has a osmolality of 351. 1 Summary 2: 14 year old boy that was never vaccinated against poliomyelitis got the disease late summer. He was hospitalized and needed a respirator during the severity of the illness. Once he began to recover, they took him off the respirator with no apparent effects. Days later a blood analysis revealed the following. H level is slightly acidic, carbon dioxide levels are high and indicate some respiratory acidosis, blood oxygen level is low, bicarbonate level is high, sodium levels are normal, potassium is normal, chloride level is slightly low, and total carbon dioxide levels are high. 1. It seems the patient has respiratory acidosis. Production of carbon dioxide occurs fast and the failure of proper ventilated increases the CO2 in the blood. 2. Buffers are normal compensatory mechanisms to respond to the acidosis. 3.Yes, the HCO3 (bicarbonate) test is elevated and bicarbonate is a buffer. 4. Acute respiratory acidosis is when a abrupt failure of ventilation occurs. Chronic respiratory acidosis may be secondary to many disorders. 5. Total CO2 measures the serum bicarbonate and available forms of carbon dioxide. Bicarbonate takes up about 95% of the total. They take the bicarbonate measurements by the sample of the venous bl ood and arterial blood gas analysis. 6. Chloride levels are slightly lower due to respiratory muscle weakness. Case Study 2 Chapter 2 Case Study Summary 1: 21-year old woman that has had type 1 diabetes for the past 8 years, was brought to the hospital in a coma. She was prescribed to take 92 units of insulin a day to maintain her sugar levels within normal limits and prevent excess sugar in her urine. Upon admission she was hypontensive, tachycardic and hyperventilating.Her labs show she is acidonic, arterial blood carbon dioxide levels were low, blood oxygen tension is normal, bicarbonate levels are really low indicating metabolic acidosis, low sodium levels, slightly high level of potassium, Chloride level is on the low end of normal, very high levels of blood urea and nitrogen, total carbon dioxide levels are really low, extremely high sugar levels and high creatinine levels. She tested positive for ketones. She recieved 8 units of regular insulin through an IV and 8 units per hour by IV infusion pump.Her blood sugar levels began to drop at about 100 mg/dL each hour. After seven hours her breathing an d pH went back to normal, following an injection of intravenous sodium bicarbonate to raise her pH and vigorous IV fluids and electrolyte replacement. 1. It seems her type 1 diabetes is uncontrolled. As her body could not use the sugar and there is not enough insulin, fat was used for fuel instead. During fat breakdown, byproducts called ketones are developed. Ketone bodies are acidic and dangerous when it build up in the body causing all her symptoms upon admission. . Yes, her pH levels became normal. Meaning her bicarbonate levels increased to compensate for the increased hydrogen proton levels in her blood. 3. When the body uses fat for energy instead of sugar, the body creates a byproduct called ketones. Since this is a byproduct, it flows through the renal system waiting to be expelled from the body. Normally, the existence of ketone bodies are detected through a urine sample. 4. The potassium results were high which can indicate some problem with her kidneys. 5.The low sodium results are based on the fact that sodiums job in the body is to keep proper acid-base equilibrium (homeostasis). Sodium has alkaline properties so if the levels are low the acid levels will be higher. 6. Diabetes can affect normal control of BP and can cause damage to the nerves supplying the blood vessels. When the blood pressure lowers the glomerular filtration rate decreases. 7. Anion gap measures of anions in the arterial blood. Anion gap equals chloride plus bicarbonate minus sodium Na-(Cl + HCO3-).The patient has a anion gap of 30. Normal levels are 7 to 16. 8. Osmolality measures the concentration of all chemical particles found in the fluid part of blood. Normal values range from 275 to 295. The patient has a osmolality of 351. 1 Summary 2: 14 year old boy that was never vaccinated against poliomyelitis got the disease late summer. He was hospitalized and needed a respirator during the severity of the illness. Once he began to recover, they took him off the respirator with no apparent effects. Days later a blood analysis revealed the following. H level is slightly acidic, carbon dioxide levels are high and indicate some respiratory acidosis, blood oxygen level is low, bicarbonate level is high, sodium levels are normal, potassium is normal, chloride level is slightly low, and total carbon dioxide levels are high. 1. It seems the patient has respiratory acidosis. Production of carbon dioxide occurs fast and the failure of proper ventilated increases the CO2 in the blood. 2. Buffers are normal compensatory mechanisms to respond to the acidosis. 3.Yes, the HCO3 (bicarbonate) test is elevated and bicarbonate is a buffer. 4. Acute respiratory acidosis is when a abrupt failure of ventilation occurs. Chronic respiratory acidosis may be secondary to many disorders. 5. Total CO2 measures the serum bicarbonate and available forms of carbon dioxide. Bicarbonate takes up about 95% of the total. They take the bicarbonate measurements by the sample of the venous bl ood and arterial blood gas analysis. 6. Chloride levels are slightly lower due to respiratory muscle weakness.

Osmoregulation in Fish Essay

Osmosis in the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. It occurs from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration. The control of water balance in animals is known as osmoregulation. Osmoregulation is a homeostatic mechanism. The body fluids of a salt water fish are hypotonic (higher in water concentration) compared with the surrounding sea water – the sea water is therefore hypertonic. Because of this they constantly lose water by osmosis through its selectively permeable gill and gut membranes. To replace its loses and maintain its water balance, the fish drinks the sea water. The chloride secretory cells in the gills of the fish actively secrete the excess salt – gained from drinking the sea water – back out into the sea by an energy requiring process known as active transport, against a concentration gradient. The kidneys of salt water fish only contain a few small glomeruli, which results in a low filtration rate of blood and only a small volume of urine being formed. In addition, salt water fish convert their nitrogenous waste to a non-toxic form, trimethylamine oxide, which requires minimum amount of water for its removal. Over millions of years of evolution, fresh water fish have adapted to carry out osmoregulation. The body fluids of a fresh water fish are hypertonic compared with the surrounding water and therefore they constantly gain water by osmosis. Fresh water fish gain water through the lining of their stomach and their gut – the same as salt water fish. In order to maintain a water balance, fresh water fish have to constantly remove excess water. Their kidneys possess a number of adaptations which make the constant intake of water easy to cope with; their kidneys possess many large glomeruli allowing rapid filtration of the blood and the tubules reabsorb mineral salts from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream, resulting in a large volume of very dilute urine. Using chloride secretory cells in their gills, fresh water fish area able to actively uptake mineral salts from the water which are lost in the urine.

The study of curriculum and instruction Annotated Bibliography

The study of curriculum and instruction - Annotated Bibliography Example This paper attempts to provide a sound basis not only for curriculum development but also endeavors to establish the fact that same strategies cannot be fruitful in all situations and sensible variations are required t be made depending upon a number of factors such as age, gender, geographical location, race etc. of the prospective students which are required to be predetermined. It may also happen that an educator might have to alter his strategy even during an ongoing lesson observing the situational requirements. I have made an effort to present a thorough research of the available literature on the aforesaid topic and am presenting an evaluated summary of the books and scholarly articles I have utilized in this context. Baker’s (2009) study focuses multimedia instructions to develop a pre-service skill of student observation among the teachers as the trainers have admitted that this skill is very challenging to be taught and Baker’s study may help in this connection. Carnahan et al. (2009) have emphasized how paraeducators are supported by the teachers in order to guarantee students’ quality of education. They present an account of content deficiency in teacher development programs in respect to management of and cooperation amid paraeducators thus creating a congenial teaching environment. Clatthorn et al. have presented a profound work that provides very practical and concise teaching strategies which may be applied by the upper level educators for curriculum developm ent with specified local and international standards. The curricula and teaching instructions that are required to meet the needs of diversified learners are being examined in the book written by Coyne et al. (2006) who by their modern exposures cultural and experiential and socioeconomic backgrounds confront the conventional and instructional programs and curriculums. They

Operating Segments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Operating Segments - Essay Example Since then there have been minor changes that have been made to IFRS 8 by the other IFRSs. This has included improvements on the IFRSs, IAS 24 with related party disclosures, IAS 19 Employee Benefits, IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements and Annual Improvements to IFRSS 2010-2012 Cycle. The main function of the IFRS 8 operating system is to establish recommendations that ensure the disclosure of information on an entitys operating segments. This includes the entities products and services, the major customers it serves as well as the geographical regions of operation. These functions are mainly geared towards the achievement of global accounting standards as per the objectives of the International Accounting Board. It specifies on the entitys information reporting on its operations in its annual financial statements. It requires the authority in reporting information related to financial and descriptive matters on its reportable segment. These reportable segments comprise of aggregations of operating segments with specific criteria. Operating segments comprises of entities upon which different financial information available is put under an evaluation on a regular basis to decide on the allocation of resources and performance assessment (Belkaoui, 2004). It operates through an entity that ensures reporting as a measure on the operating segment of profits or losses being incurred by an entity. This enables an entity to report on a measure of segment liabilities and provides the decision makers with useful accounting information needed for the reconciliation of the total profits or loss, liabilities, segment revenues, total assets and other reportable amounts in correspondence to those of the financial statements. The IFRS is in need of an entity to put forth the information on revenues gotten from products and services. This is especially needed for the countries in which revenues are earned, assets are

Establish an International Business in Frontier Market Research Paper

Establish an International Business in Frontier Market - Research Paper Example As it is, the value chain extends from the coffee growers at the extensive large scale farm and small scale farms, to the factory for drying and husking and to the millers who take over the grinding process. The unpacked coffee goes through the sorting process at the millers that is supervised by the coffee board of Kenya for quality and grading purposes. Marketing agents then take over the sales process. This is the likely scenario where the company can come in. The selling is done through either direct sale by highly unregulated but established and networked brokers who then sell the coffee to the overseas buyers or through auctions at the Nairobi Coffee Exchange that are well regulated by the Kenya Coffee Traders Association. Coffee exporters in Kenya opt for the auction procedure because of its associated transparency in pricing. The company would also pursue this option as it seeks to break into the coffee export business in Kenya. Global coffee consumption is on the rise thus boosting demand. Global demand has also been increased by other increasing uses of coffee especially in the medical field that were previously unknown. The increasing global demand of the product provides an international business opportunity for the company. Kenya is one of the fastest growing economies in Africa. Its strategic geographical location makes it a suitable location for conducting an export business. The country also has a relatively calm political environment compared to other frontier markets in Africa. Turbulence was experienced in the 2007 elections but a new constitution dispensation and the increased democratic space has seen the country claim the bragging rights as one of the most mature democracies in Africa. The prevailing stable political environment creates a favorable investment climate for international investors (Hill 214). As the

Pampers Health Spa (PHS) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Pampers Health Spa (PHS) - Assignment Example 2325540 =? 2325540 1 – (Variable Cost / Sales)] 1 - 0.499 0.501 Break-even point= ? 4641796.41 (Atrill & McLaney, 2011) Margin of safety % = Current sales level – Break- Even Point Current sales level Margin of safety % = ? 2965000 -? 4641796.41 = (56.55) % (Atrill & McLaney, 2011) ? 2965000 Task 3 Payback period method Proposal 1 The project requires an investment of ?900,000 and it generates cash as follows: ?270000 in Year 1; ?295000 in Year 2; ?345000 in Year 3; ?325000 in Year 4. The payback period is 3 years ?270000+ ?295000= ?565000 in the first two years + ?335000 of the ?345000 occurring in Year 3). Payback period method= ?270000+ ?295000+?335000= ?900,000 ?335000/ ?345000 =0.971 Payback period= 2+0.971=3 years Proposal 2 The project requires an investment of ? 750000 and it generates cash as follows: ?160000 in Year 1; ?189000 in Year 2; ?225000 in Year 3: ?254000 in Year 4. The payback period is 3.7 years ?160000 + ?189000 +?225000 = ?565000 in the first thre e years + ?78000 of the ?254000 occurring in Year 4). ?160000 + ?189000 +?225000 +?78000= ?750 000 ?176000/ ?254000=0.693 Payback period= 3+0.693=3.7 years Accounting Rate of Return Accounting Rate of Return =Average net income / Average investment (Davies & Pain, 2011) Proposal 1: Average net income =90000 + 98000 +75000 + 65000 = 328000/ ?900,000* 100= 36.44% Proposal 2: Average net income = 60000 + 70000 + 95000 + 125000 = 350000/ ?750 000 * 100 = 46.67% Net Present Value methods NPV= -Co + C1/1+r + C2/ (1+r) 2 +†¦+ C n / (1+r) n (Davies & Pain, 2011) -Co= Initial Investment, C = Cash Flow, r = Discount rate, n = Time Proposal1 NPV= ? (900,000) + ?270000 / (1+0.893) + ?295000/ (1+0.797) 2 + +?345000 / (1+0.712) 3+ ?325000 / (1+0.636) 4 NPV= ? (900000) + ? 247865.60176 + ? 91353.8957 + ? 68755.2314+ ? 45368.2506 = ? (446,657.0206) Proposal 2 NPV= ? (750000) + ?160000 / (1+0.893) + ?189000 / (1+0.797) 2 + +?225000 / (1+0.712) 3+ ?254000/ (1+0.636) 4 NPV= ? (750000) + ? 84521.9 229 + ? 58528.4281 + ? 44840.3683 +? 35457.0328 = ? (526652.2479) Total Expenses Fixed cost (70%) Variable cost (30%) ? ? ? Motor Expenses 8900 6230 2670 Insurance 28700 20090 8610 Rates 20400 14280 6120 Premises 1680000 1176000 504000 Wages and Salaries 1445000 1011500 433500 Repairs & renewals 54700 38290 16410 Professional charges 17500 12250 5250 Advertising 67000 46900 20100 Cost of Sales 483700 Total 2325540 1480360 Contribution ratio = Sales/ total variable cost = ?1480360 / ?2965000 =0.499 Task 4: In order to ascertain the financial position of Pampers Health Spa’ (PHS) it is necessary to carry out a financial analysis as it measures the financial performance of the enterprise in terms of profitability, leverage, and liquidity in its operations. As the management of Pampers Health

Risk Management Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Risk Management Bachelor - Essay Example (European Airline industry-strategies for the new Millenium-sky Tech Solutions accessed from the website www.skytechsolutions.com and Global Market Forecast, The future of flying, 2006-2025, (2006), November, Accessed from the website www.airbus.com). Now it has been evident that aviation market in Europe has been increasing especially for low-cost carriers and therefore our airlines Blue Star will be started as soon as possible to take the advantage of booming air travel market. The proposed airlines "Blue Star" is willing to start operations from Vienna (Austria), whose location is more central to Eastern Europe and have the potential to cover Baltic nations (Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania), Poland, Czech & Slovakia, Hungary, Italy, Croatia, Germany etc. The next important fact that founding partners of the Airlines are from three nationalities and around 45 years of age with 15 years of experience in managing an airlines which will prove successful in the long run. Another important fact that airline is starting with 10 same size/carrying capacity and most probably the same type of planes. It becomes easy to handle / upkeep the same type of plans for pilots and other staffs. It any reduce turnaround time and reduce maintenance expenses and training costs. An important fact in starting Blue star is that it is leasing those airports and concentrating on those destinations which are not expensive due to their landing fee or heavy traffic and where national carriers make competition more intense. The most important fact that airlines proposed that its starting capital of $ 100 million consists of only 50% from borrowing in which bank borrowing/short term is only $ 25 million and rest 25% is through long-term bonds. By adopting this method, airline ensures that instant debt-service has to be kept at minimum. These are the above five important facts, which Blue star kept in its mind to start with and will prove to be successful in the long run. The next important step is to choose the first 10 destinations, where the passengers' flow is maximum and risk of bad weather; security or political stability is at minimum. In Europe Most of the airlines are trying to operate in the east. Due to integration of Europe, Vienna is the place / hub for most of the airlines in central Europe joining West Europe and Eastern Europe. The Baltic nations, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus are the new found destinations where low-cost airlines trying to reach out. Most of the passengers from Western Europe are (Businessman) moving in the Eastern Europe market exploring new opportunities where as persons living in Eastern Europe moving Western Europe to find new job oppourtunities. So Blue star has to choose its all the ten destinations keeping in mind the passenger's availability. Three Baltic nations are at first place. They have to start with three airports namely Parnu in the Estonia, Liepaja in Latvia and Kaunas in Lithuania. In choosing the thre e airports we had not taken the respective countries main airports i.e. Tallinum, Riga and vilnius due to airline policy to lease those airports have low leasing costs and potential competition from major carriers as well as more waiting time.

Identify and explain the historical significance of Benjamin Rush, Research Paper - 1

Identify and explain the historical significance of Benjamin Rush, particularly as he relates to the transformation of the medical profession in early America - Research Paper Example At this time he was under Rodman he attended many lectures which later helped him in his future life. He later began venturing into politics though not his own career. In all his education life he was been provided for by his mother since his father died when he was six years of age. He grew up as a strong man who later did great things which even to date is serving the whole world. He was really a man to be proud of. He wrote some books and he was well remembered for he wrote the first chemistry book in America. 2Benjamin Rush returned to Philadelphia from Europe in 1769 and he began practicing medicine when he got home. It was at this time that Philadelphia had begun entering a revolutionary period which ultimately played a key role in the American Revolution. This city was wealthy and it had many resources and also a high population. At twenty three years he was elected as a professor of Chemistry in Philadelphia College. This was just one year after he had come from Europe. He is the one who made the name of this school change to what is currently referred as ‘medical school of the University of Philadelphia.’ This man contributed greatly to mental medicine and physical medicine. He was interested in animals and this made him to do some contributions that are even important in the current society. Bloodletting was the main medical practice that Rush was associated with during his career. This method had been used since long by physicians but this time Rush was doing it with more improvements. He used it widely during the yellow fever epidemic of 1793 which was making lives of many to be in danger in Philadelphia. This disease broke out in Water Street in the same town. According to Rush he believed that diseases and particularly yellow fever were caused by excessive accumulation of poison in the body of a human being which was toxic to the body and affected the small blood vessels. In his treatment therefore he aimed at removing the poison and let the

Logistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Logistics - Essay Example There are firms that have developed themselves as logistics providers and offer value added services to other firms. These firms manage logistics issues and supply chains of other firms since many firms prefer to outsource these functions. They plan, organize and direct firms’ supply chains and logistics. They provide integrated systems that usually meet the needs of their clients (LONG 2004, p.339). They have to organize how the client’s cargo reach destination on time and safely. Additionally, they ensure cargo clearance by the customs and order processing. This means that the operating costs of the clients reduce since the process is efficient. The idea is to make the logistical service provided be a component of the business of the clients. The provision of these logistical services by third parties enables firms to concentrate in the production process only, which is their core business. Once the firms produce products, logistics providers take over and deal with i ssues such as transport and communication. This paper discusses the various types of systems used in logistics services provision and the components of logistics management. In addition, it discuses the benefits and challenges associated with these systems. Logistics Systems There are various systems used in logistics management. These systems mainly aim at enabling firms to achieve quick response manufacturing. The business world is competitive, and the ability of a firm to produce faster gives it an edge over others. The firms should also be able to develop concept, design it and produce a product faster in order to be highly competitive. Opportunities are also available to firms that can produce products faster and deliver them to market quickly. Quick response manufacturing is a method that enables firms to reduce their lead times in the various stages of productions and operations. The goods produced thus reach the market early enough and enables the business to secure its pros pects. It enables the firm to be more competitive since its products are in the market early enough. It attracts clients due to the fast production and delivery of products to the market. Additionally, the profits of the firm are likely to increase since production time reduces, and the return on investments is likely to be improved. The benefits of this system are that the outlay on production reduces and the market share increases. The needs of the customers are also met faster, and the introduction of new goods in the market can be done swiftly. In addition, quick response production removes wastage and increases efficiency in the production process. One of the systems used in logistics management is the kanban system. This is an information system used in managing manufacturing quantities in various stages of production. It enables the firm to produce the desired quantities within the set time. Kanban is a card which notes the nature and the number of units to be produced. The c ard is dispatched to individuals in the prior stage from the succeeding process. The result is joining of all stages in the production process. The quantities and qualities of the products can then be easily monitored. The process enables autonomation and the tasks that workers do are homogeneous. The

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 9

Management Accounting - Essay Example Coordination involves the systematic combination of various processes to achieve optimal results of pre-planned outcomes. It involves three main processes, which are performing situational analysis, competitor analysis and self-evaluation. Both micro-environmental and macro—environmental aspects must be considered. Concurrent with the above process, clear and specific objectives must be set. Vision statement, overall objectives both short-term and long—term are crafted (Abdel-Kader and Luther, 2006)). With regard to situational analysis, the above processes give rise to a strategic plan. The plan provides details of how coordination is to be achieved. Coordination involves managing dependencies among activities. Chandler suggests that to understand the business coordination concept, a simple intuition must come into mind that, if there is no interdependence, there is nothing to coordinate. It is comprehensible that players carrying out interdependent actions may have inconsistent interests and that might be called opinionated processes. These are ways of managing them in order to ensure best results are realized. According to Chandler, coordination occurs in many kinds of systems, biological, human, computational among others. The question on how community run enslavements among their actions are middle to parts of organization theory, sociology, management science, social psychology, linguistics, law and anthropology. Coordinating these dependencies gives rise to direct and indi rect costs (Lisa, 2006) Indirect Costs are the ones that have been sustained for universal or joint objectives and cannot be enthusiastically recognized with the exact final cost objective. They can also be defined as costs that cannot be directly quantified and may need further analysis to quantify them. They are incurred for various or interlinked activities and are not easily categorized into specific

Californian Wine Clusters Essay Example for Free

Californian Wine Clusters Essay Identify the players in the Californian wine cluster, who are they? Main players are growers, vineyard owners, wineries and automated processing facilities. Moreover, there are many supporting players such as bottle, cork and barrel producers, CAGR, Research and Education Institutions which are addicted to improve wine production and services, Distribution Channels to business and direct customers, Bank for financing, Tourism Clusters for presenting, Government, wine magazines, restaurants and bars, food cluster, U.C Davis, producers of equipment which are used in production of wines and grapes. As types of those equipment, fertilizers, labeling machines, trucks, scissors, etc. can be listed. Government role is important, because taxation, production regulations, supports for exporting and production quotas all are in hand of government. What are the reasons behind the Californian wine cluster success? Two key factors in success of Californian wine cluster are price and taste. Those two are decision making factors for consumer. Firstly their price is cheap, because Californian wineries’ yield amount is high, tax amount for a bottle is low, production efficiency in the mean area is high, labor cost is low, there is no production quota by government and they are using automated systems for wine production which is more efficient. Those are the reasons that present low price opportunities. Taste comes with wisdom of years in production. Research facilities, wine production and gourmet schools, good quality grapes, fine barreling materials and supporting spices in wine make Californian wines’ taste better and better in years. As support elements, Californian Food and Tourism clusters are helping wine cluster as brothers and sisters. Food cluster has many different kind of best chefs and restaurants which serve very best of dishes with wines which mixture of taste calls for new customers. Tourism cluster brings new possible customers to food cluster and wine cluster. Wine tasting tours and winery tours are big chances for presenting Californian wines to the rest of the world. Beyond all of those, California is in one of the strongest countries and  government, trade unions, institutions, powerful people give support to wine clusters in presenting, producing and transporting. Other big competitors as Italy and France are stricken about regulations and taxation which bring Californian wine’s success. How is the situation regarding the wine industry in France, Italy, Australia, Chile? In competition, Italy, France, Australia and Chile are main actors against California, and old big players are France and Italy. In exporting, France takes the lead and Italy takes the second row. They are the closest ones to EU consumers which are main consumers and they are old player. Over passing decades, Australian and Californian wines have kept the quality up and caught France and Italy. As a result, especially French and also Italian wine price levels remained high besides of California and Australia. Also, French government put regulations for production amount and taxation. Australia is a very fast growing wine producer and their price level and quality is very fine. Besides, many farmlands turned into vineyards and consumption level is demanding day by day. Also government supports export and regulates wine sided. Furthermore, they are very close to Asia which is a growing business in wine sector. Chile has a lower consumption and production according to Australia and California, but their price level is low and taxation and regulations are helpful in terms of improving production and growing wine business. Their wines are carton packed and acidic, and also those give the opportunity of cheap wines. If you were the governor of California, what would you do about the wine cluster? Regarding wine clusters, firstly I probably offer some marketers to market premium products with better price, and create better brands. I would try to open gourmet, chef and wine expert schools, also more research institutions for not also wine production but also their materials and grape species. I push tourism sector to create especially wine tasting and winery visit tours. Moreover, placing wine and best brands into Californian advertisement  campaigns. Reason behind all of those, Californian wine needs presentation, awareness and marketing, moreover good labeling and better brand image in minds. So, to create all class of brands from premium down to simple versions, they need premium marketing advises and campaigns.

Difference Between Love And Sex Theology Religion Essay

Difference Between Love And Sex Theology Religion Essay Peter Bertocci has explained the human experience of sex and explains the value of sex as part of the meaning of life. Regarding sex an end in itself Peter argues that more profound satisfaction is felt when the normal experience of sex lust is not primarily an end in itself but a symbolic expression of other values. Bertocci further explains the challenge in love which he explains through his progression of love in which marriage and its values are highlighted as an essentiality to protect sex and love. He argues that sex, love, marriage, family, and social responsibility are the key factors that bring stability in the society and nourish the values morality. He considers love as a an essential element to live, otherwise it will be a mere existence not living joyously. He argues for the place of marriage in society and emphasizes on the self regeneration of the partners through this novel relationship. In my opinion he really draws on personal experience and has a closed minded view. I disagree and will give reasons and arguments in my essay as to why I think that Bertocci narrates a story of an ideal situation. Difference between Love and Sex: Psychoanalysis asserts that love and sex can never be of same origin and character due to differences of decisive nature. Love and sex must be analyzed in their own purview and in their purest forms. Sex is related to biology related to some organism; love gives an emotional touch and a sign of individuals thoughts. Sex is used to eliminate the tense attitude; love can be used as an escape goat from ones own failure. Sex satisfies a person physically; love gives happiness. Sex has a broader meaning; special meaning is shown through love. Natures call can be answered through sex; culture is satisfied through love. Sex is known to millions; millions have not even heard of romance or love. Sex is arbitrary; love is always directed to someone. Sex gives relaxation; love grooms the personality. The taste and pleasure of sex cannot be called later while love can be recalled anytime even in thoughts if the lover is not physically present. Sex is an act; love is spiritual. Sex eagerness is f or a short time whereas love is continuous warmth. (Reik, New York: Grove Press.  1945)[1]. Can Love and Lust be combined? (Reik, p. 19), observes that if love and sex are combined, it is very difficult to assess that which has the most part or share, to be precise, during a sexual intercourse. I believe that it is purely dependant on our perception. It is our own mind and body that drives us to a particular point where we need to think that what should be combined and what should be separated. I believe that there are ways in which sex without love can be as joyous, fruitful and soothing as sex with love. So, the question as to the combination of lust and love, one cannot say that which is more dominating but one can say is that crude form of sex is generated after divorcing love from sex. Sex with Love: What Bertocci has explained about love is that through sex with love one gives in everything but Rollo May s  Love and Will  (New York: Dell Publishing Co.. 1969), says that one will always hold something back until the act is personal, and if we use this word personal instead of love, the context of sex is broadened and sex can be joyful even the partners are not lovers. May further argues that holding off something does not mean that sex will not be a pure sex. According to May (p. 311), relationship and intimacy are much more important factors than merely having sex with a person because of the impersonal society and it is unknown that the act of sex will satisfy the required needs of relationship and intimacy. But what one can say according to Mays stance that through love one is absorbed in another and isolation can be overcome through this. The irony of love is that one is at the same time losing oneself and absorbing the other in him. Mays writings show a lack of understan ding of how gratification can be achieved through sex without love. Analysis of Sex with Love: Like May many people in this world are unaware of the possibility of sex being a loving act even without being lovers to each other. As I mentioned earlier this is a traditional or closed mind view that sex without love is not as fruitful as sex with love. I reiterate my view that Sex without love allows the partners to have a more relaxing feeling. Contrasting to what bertocci, I would say that sex with love leading to a more chaining relationship which leads to taking each others pain, then placing your life in the basket of marriage which will land your life in the rearing of children. Bertocci further asks you to nourish the society through all these preceding acts of yours. Sadly, a true and a happy relationship of sex have been destroyed by the clogging views of writers such as May and Bertocci. Sex should be as free and motivating as a clear sky is available to the bird that goes high in strength and spirits to have a broader overview of the intricacies of this world. This fee ling takes me higher and regenerates the true spirit of life and makes me see what the believers of sex with love cannot see or visualize in their thoughts. Sex without Love: (Russell Vannoy, Buffalo: Prometheus, 1980) gives some of the examples from the papers of his students. I would like to mention a few; pleasuring my lover leaves me pleasure less as the mind is devoted to his satisfaction, thus disturbing the whole concept of sex. The deeper you get involve in other person and as the other is absorbed in you, the more a person is ceased to be a separate person, which is absolutely not encouraging and equally not satisfactory. The lovers gets cocksure and sometimes the girl does not feel horny, then if the lover pushes her and she refuses, is she getting selfish. I would say no because this might not have been the case with a stranger whom she did not love, a stranger cannot push you for something and one is at liberty to say no to stranger without worrying to dishearten him. Once a lover knows what you are capable of in the bed, he wants repetition whereas a new person will be attracted to the same demonstration. Self-sacrifice is common among lovers whereas no such sacrifice is required to be done during sex without non-lovers. (Casler, New York: Behavioural Publications, 1973), has argued that love is needed to satisfy the needs of personal insecurity. These needs are dictated to by the societal pressure and those without it are not considered an active part of this so called moral society. Caslers view shows that people getting loved or love someone are just trying to gain self-worth. With this attitude in mind the sex is most unfulfilling. Considering the older ages when women were not respected, how can males give respect to them in the shape of love? This has aroused women to write the most criticism on love. (Robert Solomon, Buffalo,  NY: Prometheus Books, 1976), writes that sexual encounters with strangers are the most satisfying ass there is fear, guilt and anticipation. Conversely sex with those we know and love is much less satisfying as the habits and reactions are known to each other which, nullifies the uniqueness among the partners. Moralists paints the picture of sex with a non-lover as crude and animalistic. They still have their view of having successful sex with only the ones you love and the other sex is never pure. Giving justification to love is just as hypocrite as actually doing hypocrisy during crude sex in love; one says that if I dont love her I am exploiting her, so he loves to make his sex justified is just another form of hypocrisy. The advocates of sex with love has not allowed the people to think to stop being selfishly loving others to justify the societys value system. Once this selfish behavior is outsmarted, only then a true loving act of sex could emerge without romantically being involved in the other partner. Many husbands perform crude sex and wives are left unfulfilled. The reason is that wives want a sensuous sex while men want manly, lusty sex which cannot be achieved as they get involved in each other and cannot push for the demands and now when married cannot change husbands. This situation leaves both thirsty for real experience in sex. Social Approval: Societys approval is considered necessary and the sex must be given the assent of the pure spirit of love. Otherwise the sex would animalistic and dirty. If this option is considered then, even in sex with love the partners remain unfulfilled and they are not spontaneous and guilt free. I believe that societys concept must not be involved in sex relationships, as it is only to strengthen the institution of marriage. Marriage will certainly make the experience of sex laborious although the society gives the assent of piety but will ultimately make the people who make the society unfulfilled with regards to their sexual satisfaction. Analysis of Sex without Love: I strongly believe that sex without love is much more fruitful and joyous than the sex with love. The reality is still that sex opens the doors for the people to happiness and gratification but when love comes and knocks the door and hugs sex, it suddenly engulfs sex and convinces to move to the next stage of sex with love. I reject this and say that this encompassing is just like going into a war which one choose for its own self without any reason. Conclusion The sex without love is the superior, mature and natural attitude which one must follow. The societys regeneration is indeed laid in the foundations of liberty and freedom of choice which can only be exercised when one has no restriction to follow a particular schedule or guidelines while having sex. I strongly believe in having sex without love for which I have argued in my paper after taking a view of the various aspects of what people want and what people face after taking a wrong decision of landing at a lovers corner.

Information Systems On Delta Airlines

Information Systems On Delta Airlines Headquartered in Atlanta, USA, Delta Airlines is by far the worlds largest airline by fleet size, destinations as well as passenger revenue. Delta airlines, founder and included in the SkyTeam airline alliance, encompasses a broad domestic and international travel network, with it unsurpassed global network. The largest operational hub of Delta airlines is the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Internal Airport and the Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. Serving more than 170 million passengers every year, and counting, Delta together with its Northwest subsidiary as well as the Delta Connection carriers fly to as many as 355 destinations covering 66 countries, across 6 continents (Delta 2009) (StealingShare). Delta accomplished its merger with the Northwest Airlines on October 29, 2008, with the main aim of forming the globes largest commercial carrier. Then, in February 2009, it started merging ticket counters and gates at airports at which both Delta and Northwest operated, and received permission from the Federal Aviation Administration to commence its operations under a single certificate. This consolidation was finished in February 2010. With the successful incorporation of the Northwest acquisition, investments of Delta Airlines, in newer products and network backed by continued efforts for strengthening its balance sheet, the company is favourably positioned to gain full benefit of the economic recovery. Northwest acquisition is estimated to generate about $2billion as annual revenue and price synergies by 2012(Delta 2009) (Travel Video News 2010). Evaluation: Ever-increasing competition throughout the airline industry is causing the development of new applications of information systems and technology. This includes a new strategic focus on electronic commerce or e-commerce at Delta Airlines. Deltas mid-tier operation information systems has been presented as a scheme for leveraging its operational online transaction processing system (OLTP) infrastructure, in order to be an active part of the emerging world of e-commerce and enable new applications. The basic approach is to insert minimally intrusive taps within the OLTP systems to track transactions as they occur for reproducible reply in the mid-tier operational information system (OIS). For the existing environment, a hybrid approach can be developed and evaluated, Conventionally, large enterprise computing at organizations like Delta is based on the usage of clusters of mainframes that run patent information systems software. A goof evidence of this statement is that Delta works depending on the cluster of IBM S/390 mainframe machines that run system TPF or Transaction Processing Facility. Such traditional OLTPs often support applications which automate most of the airlines operational services. Further, the TPS systems architecture has shown high degree of scalability and availability, with the system operating successfully since the last 30 years and withstanding the Y2K bug scare (Delta 2009). Technically, it is difficult to change the functionalities of these existing OLTP applications in order to accommodate a varying business. Several applications were deployed in assembly language and have evolved since then. The applications were originally designed for executing specific business models and providing little flexibility to support newer business models as well as processes. Particularly, these applications sustain ownership of fixed data sets, and their legacy data formats do not allow creation of new relationships to application data. Also, new business models and processes lead to new applications, many of which leverage the Internet, thereby resulting in exposure of legacy systems to unanticipated transaction volumes (Vasilecas et al 2006). As a response to these drawbacks, Delta pursued a novel strategy of adding mid-tier enterprise information systems known as operation information systems, (OIS). In essence, the pool of information in the current OLTP systems is gathered by grabbing strategic transactions when they occur in soft real-time. The transactions are then duplicated and consistently reproduced in the newly formed OIS. This new environment sees the mapping of data stemming from the transactions into alternative acquirable formats, which bears a correlation with initial unrelated information, together with information from sources apart from the OLTP systems. Furthermore, the immediate mutual-relation triggers events that are extracted from the transaction records. This susceptibility allows for a totally new category of real-time event based applications, which aim at radically improving the effectiveness of airline operations. Moreover, the new mid-tier OIS, considered along with the legacy OLTP system, is said to be the foundation on which Delta generates new applications and enhances its existing business operations, such as improvement of the Customer Experience. The primary factor to their ever-growing success is the development of new mission-driven software and hardware infrastructures supporting these efforts (Vasilecas et al 2006). The architecture of the operation information systems has evolved on a whole, since the scalability and availability requisites have changed. Earlier, the system represented a concept that gained instant success and was implemented far-ahead of its designed capability. The currently executed system has been technically refined to fulfil the scalability and availability requirements (HubPages 2008). From a perspective, relative to data warehouses that generally store enormous bulk of historical information, an operational information system contains only the basic subset of information needed for day-to-day operations. While the size of the operational working set is relatively smaller, the collection of operation flows from internal as well as external sources may lead to operational data stores of terabytes in value. Maintaining such databases and the analytical processing of the data are two primary and basic tasks of the mid-tier OIS. Additional tasks are acquisition, derivation, broadcasting events having low latencies and in soft real time. Taking into account the demands of these tasks, a crucial observation indicates that the order of magnitude of the information from where applications events are obtained is possible to be reduced, mainly by emphasizing on the data required for operational decisions and actions. Hence, event latencies and throughput are improved by spec ifying a derivation subset termed as the Derivation Working Set. The DWS comprises of minimal amount of data required to derive the events needed for the OIS applications. Moreover, performance of data storage as well as data access for derivation of events is significantly enhanced as this working set can be executed as a main-memory database which is organized for accommodating event derivation and initial state queries (Oleson et al) (Mendelson Brynjolfsson 1993). A window scheme is used for operating the DWS, in which the content appears and disappears from the DWS based on relevance of information. Particularly, this set holds all state of current interest to be able to be rapidly accessed by relevant business process. For example, information regarding a flights arrival is stored in the DWS until the flight has departed, immediately after which business logic is added to the DWS indicating that the data in regards to a certain flight section has been finished. Further, the lifetime or window of the data in the DWS depends on the business operations for a certain business domain. Such as years of experience in using flight information results in identification of a window of flight data coupled with behaviour for a number of days in the past and days in the future. Furthermore, lifetimes are different across business domains, and are not dynamic like the lifetimes of event arrivals. For example, a flight exits from a gate and starts taxiing, so the boarding process for that flight is not relevant anymore and may be discarded into the operational data store (ODS), and also to the data warehouse (Oleson et al). Since an existing deployment crosses 10,000 machines, displaying flight status information, the greatest profile service of the OIS infrastructure is the soft real time delivery support of event information to numerous subscribing passengers. Further, real-time applications for event trigger the re-thinking of business processes and motivate to revolutionize the operations of the airlines. For example, when gate agents are supplied with alert displays which give the current view of relevant flight information, such as seat maps inside the flights they work for. The conventional request/reply approach is restricted as agents spend maximum time operating at the computer terminal, generally sending answers to customer questions. These heads up displays inform both the customers as well as the agents freeing the agents to spend their time in responding to more crucial issues, such as facilitating the boarding procedure (Travel Video News 2010) (Vasilecas et al 2006). For achieving high scalability and lower latencies, the liberalization of the reliance of every event transmission is dependent on the application characteristics. Although some applications need tight assurances, others may run successfully under relaxed rules, known as the reliability spectrum. For exploiting this spectrum, the usage of a mixed sender and receiver-driven multicast protocol is capable of providing dramatic enhancements in the latency as well as communication scalability of an EDE. The Event Driven Engine (EDE) is the major data provider and consumer for extra services related to the operational subsystem, like the Internet-based reservation and flight schedule and information services, which is the reservation system employed by external systems of a business to business model. Eventually, the EDE can directly distribute events to display points like the flight displays at airports, leading to the need for greater scalability in terms of amount of displays for certain event output streams emitting from the EDE. The earlier EDE design employed a commercial relational database for internalizing the transaction records and depicting the operation working set. The initial purpose was to enable quick, flexible queries coupled with distribution of low latency event. Nonetheless, as the operational working sets are growing to Terabyte magnitudes, experts and the management of Delta instantly realized the competition among sustaining massive databases and rapid event derivation from this database. After using this deployed architecture, disk-resident relational data provided inadequate performance only to handle all of the work needed for the OIS infrastructure. Furthermore, not only the OIS should process the variable peaks of 12 million source message per day, but also must the OIS additionally derive a minimum of that many application friendly events to a deployment of approximately 10,000 workstations (Oleson et al). This desired amount of workstations is anticipated to increase dramatically in the future. The explosion of initial state queries take place as computers dynamically subscribe, which in turn require initial states. This initial state, for FIDS (Flight Information Display Systems) applications, resulting in XML result set of 5 MB exerts a massive load on the system. Worst case scenario will be all current 10,000 machines might come on-line at the same time requiring 10,000 queries. Further, this situation is worsened by the presence of additional external systems, such as passenger-booking traffic through the Internet, thereby resulting into the addition of much more information flows as well as resulting analysis tasks such as small flows like automatic passenger paging services, multimedia flows, etc (Mendelson Brynjolfsson 1993). Therefore, Delta discontinued offering further support to the feature of analytical queries of the OIS and started to maintain a lower in-memory depiction of the working set. Again, the relational database representation was used to recover this evaluated state during failures. However, frequent failures in the system could result into businesses facing substantial downtime. For this, the time to substitute the running cache from the many terabyte RDMS is approximately 45 minutes. Furthermore, the client connectivity for the existing system depends on a hierarchical fan out on the basis of TCP socket concentrators. Delta was able to identify that this scheme adds unnecessary moving parts and inserts latency while events traverse the hops. Additionally, Deltas requirements along with experiences in constructing a commercially embraced OIS infrastructure have greatly prompted the existing academic research. The present scalability challenges and future scalability projections demand clean slate scheme for researching more desirable and favourable architectures for an operational information system (Oleson et al). Several applications operate successfully during incidents of message loss and take advantage of relaxed reliability protocols. This feature does not entail that the applications will have inconsistent views of information. This feature also proves that natural alternative means exist to guarantee the application information integrity. Furthermore, the most fundamental characteristic needed here is the ability to identify event loss and the capability of re-synchronizing a client application on detection of message loss. And this functionality is offered by the FIDS application of the OIS, where if a message loss takes place, the FIDS client re-synchronizes by asking for an initial state and starts receiving events that can update that state. In essence, the reliability/performance tradeoffs of sender- vs. receiver-initiated multicast protocols are widespread, which offer stronger vs. weaker throughput vs. reliability, wherein attributes of both kinds of protocols are utilized for gaining a compromise for demanded reliability coupled with greater throughput. The receiver, in this protocol, controls and detects lost messages via sequence number analysis, while the sender is responsible for buffering the messages to accommodate retransmission requests (Mendelson Brynjolfsson 1993). Toward that end, the research as well as commercial opportunities have been presented by operational information systems (OIS) along with their strategic importance to Delta Airlines. Tapping the legacy operational systems is an interesting approach used by the research study to developing new systems employed by Delta. Further, desired representations of operational information can be reproduced for new, mid-tier OIS. The basic idea is to build additional systems across which new business applications are developed, without threatening the existing systems and their normal operations. The evaluation of OIS then focuses on efficient, scalable and low latency processing together with the distribution of events, by evolving the existing communication/ event infrastructures and OIS event processing as well as storage engines (StealingShare).

guilty as charged :: essays research papers

In William Goldings, The Lord of the Flies, an illegal killing took place. Unlawful homicides vary from First degree murder to Manslaughter. Second Degree, murder is a killing which is deliberate and planned in combination with felonies. When Piggy had gone to Castle Rock to retrieve his glasses, he ended fighting Jack. While the boys were disputing a rock was thrown at Piggy subsequently making him fall and die. Jack then proceeded to scream to Ralph that that’s what he deserved, approving Piggy’s murder. The Jury should find Jack Merridew guilty of Second Degree Murder in the death of Piggy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Granted, Jack Merridew himself did not kill Piggy; however, he did plan to kill anyone who was in his way when stealing Piggy’s glasses. â€Å"We’ll keep along the sands. Then if he comes, we’ll do our dance again† Jack had planned to kill Ralph, just like they killed Simon in their dance, if he meddled with his plans. Piggy just happened to be the one who interfered with Jack’s plans. Jack’s followers listened to what he said, and Roger rolled the rock at Piggy, killing him. Jack never really cared for Piggy from the start. He wanted him out of his way so he could become chief; he was the only thing that kept Ralph in charge. Jack would have done anything for that position, and Piggy interfered, which resulted in his murder. Jack did plan to kill someone, and Piggy happened to be first.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In addition, Jack treated Piggy with extreme cruelty. Jack's brutal behavior toward Piggy exposed his evil side. This could be why he wanted to kill him, as they began arguing since they had first met. Jack also felt a desire for power; Piggy would never grant him this supremacy, which led to violence either physically or verbally. After Jack let the fire go out, Piggy reprimanded him leading to frustration in Jack; â€Å"This from Piggy, and the wails of agreement from some of the hunters, drove Jack to violence. The bolting look came into his blue eyes. He took a step, and able at last to hit someone, stuck his fist into Piggy’s stomach † Jack could have hit anyone else but struck Piggy, showing his deep hatred for him. All Jack needed was the opportunity to kill Piggy, and he would have taken it just like when he punched him in the stomach.

An Enterprise Backup Solution :: Evaluation Analysis Networks Essays

An Enterprise Backup Solution Content 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Situation Analysis  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Objective  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Situation Fact  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Options  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4 4.1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Option # 1: Veritas Netbackup  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4 4.2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Option # 2: Legato Networker  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5 4.3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Option #3: Commvault Galaxy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  7 4.4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Enterprise Backup Solution – Evaluation Analysis  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8 4.5  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Summary of options available  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11 4.6  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Updated analysis of Legato Networker subsequent to inclusion of Visual Storage Resource Migrator and Alphastor  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11 5  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Recommendation  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  17 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Situation Analysis This document was prepared to analyze the current backup environment and prepare an action plan, for the Ridgefield location regarding the incorporation an Enterprise Backup Solution. 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Objective Our objective is to determine the best course of action regarding the selection and implementation of an Enterprise Backup Solution. 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Situation Fact The current network environment has been outgrown the ability of Veritas BackupExec, the backup software platform used by BI Ridgefield- Production Services, in terms of amount of data being backed up, functionality, and reliability. At the time of its initial purchase approximately six years ago (with BackupExec 7.x), the server infrastructure consisted of approximately 80 clients with one TB of data captured on a weekly full backup. This small-business level backup solution provided a good fit for the environment and served the company’s data protection needs well. Accordingly, we continued to leverage BackupExec 8.x – 9.x in our organization as the network infrastructure expanded though out the years. The server environment has now grown to the point where there are 370 servers with approximately 16 Terabytes of data captured on a weekly full backup. In light of this, meeting the established backup/restore service agreement is becoming increasingly challenging. Some of the functionality/features required to address this challenge includes: -The ability to direct multiple streams of data to one media device simultaneously (Multiplexing). -A provision for re-starting backup jobs from the point at which they failed (Checkpointing). -Descriptive reporting on backup media content. -Automation of Media Duplication and Vaulting tasks. -Compete compatibility with SANs and NAS support As a result, Production Services has evaluated a number of solutions from the leading backup software manufacturers. The final list was narrowed down to three competitors we thought could best meet our outlined requirements. They are: Veritas NetBackup, Legato Networker, and Commvault Galaxy. The tables below list the details of the evaluations. 4  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Options The reviews of the three options are listed in the following table: 4.1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Option # 1: Veritas NetBackup Option Table # 1: Pros  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cons Administrative/management tasks performed from a centralized location. (Familiar Microsoft Management Console style interface). Provides the ability to browse resources through Graphical User Interface when creating backup and restore jobs, reducing the possibility of typographical errors. Provides straightforward media management. Multiple media erased, moved and exported at once.

Homeless Assistance :: essays research papers fc

a. Issue: Should the homeless assistance program in Sacramento be reformed to give more money to the homeless while allowing them to apply to the program more than once? b. Facts: Currently in Sacramento, the homeless can apply for homeless assistance only once in their lifetime except for certain extenuating situations. The current program is a success. The amount of people in the program living below the poverty line has fallen 21% in the last seven years. Since 2000, the amount of families applying for the program has dropped 69%. Experts claim the fall in numbers comes from the fact that people can't apply more than once. In 1996, the homeless were allowed to apply for assistance more than once in their lifetime, but this was changed as the experts thought there were too many abuses. Now the only time one can get assistance more than once is if the family finds itself homeless again because of domestic violence, the sudden inhabitability of their home, or certain physical or mental illnesses. While these exceptions are good and cover a good deal, they don't get most of the homeless. The program also comes with certain snags. One of these is that the rent o f the housing the assistance goes to must be less than 80% of the maximum amount CalWORKS gives for a family of the same size. The amount of money families have to pay after the assistance to keep the housing usually comes out to about 2/3 of the salary. With the rising housing prices, analysts predict that it is going to be increasingly harder for the homeless to get housing, first time or not. c. Arguments: This issue pretty much breaks down into two sides. Those who wish to change the system (the homeless and their advocates) versus those who defend the status quo (the government). The government's side is simple. This program is a success right now and many people are getting out of poverty. The state also recognizes that California is in a massive debt. Funding for the program, while possible, is not fiscally responsible. As for not allowing the homeless to apply for assistance multiple times, the government holds that there were too many abuses. I could not find any numbers as to how many abuses there have been. Apparently the number was rather high. In the government's eyes, this program is a success and doesn't need to be tampered with.

Commercal Production Of Bovine Somatropin

Somatropin is a hormone naturally released by the Anterior Pituitary gland. Its release is mediated by the releasing hormone produced by the Hypothalamus, Growth Hormone releasing factor. Somatropin is a peptide hormone. It promotes normal body growth and lactation.Bovine Somatropin is the Somatropin produced in cattle. Since the hormone is a peptide, it is digested by peptidases in the gastrointestinal tract hence, it is not orally active. Somatropin is produced commercially using Recombinant DNA technology. The Somatropin so produced is called Recombinant bovine Somatropin (rBST). A bacteria e. g.E coli is used. The gene that codes for Somatropin is identified in the cow DNA and inserted into the DNA of E. coli. The E. coli is fermented and thus, the Somatropin is produced en masse. Through a process of isolation and purification, fairly large, commercial quantities are produced. The product may be marketed as a weekly or fortnightly injection. rBST is of immense value to the cattl e industry as it significantly increases the yield of milk produced by cattle. This is does by increasing the appetite of these cattle. Also the blood flow to the mammary gland is increased as it increases cardiac output.Also it has been reported in literature that the administration of Somatropin leads to a decrease in body fat level. This could mean healthier meats to eat. However, it produces a negative influence on the level of reproduction in animals chronically on bovine Somatropin. Also an increased risk of mastitis is also suggested in animals on which the hormone is administered. REFERENCES. 1. F. Laurent, B. Vignon and D. Coomas (1992). Influence of Bovine Somatotropin on the Composition and Manufacturing Properties of Milk. Accessed from http://www. jds. fass. org/cgi/reprint/75/8/2226. pdf 2. http://encyclopedia. farlex. c

Cultural relativism Essay

The issue of universalism of human rights vs. cultural relativism has been a focal point of heated debate for the last several decades. As globalization is bringing nations together, cultural differences and peculiarities become increasingly more salient. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nation in 1948, lists several categories of rights that the peoples of the world have agreed to accept and recognize. These rights include the right to life, liberty and security of person; the right to be free from slavery and servitude; the right not to be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or arbitrary arrest, detention or exile; the right to marriage with the free and full consent of the parties; the right to own property; the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religionm; and the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work (United Nations, 1948). These rights are universally recognized because they protect the dignity of an individual and the basic social institutions which are present in virtually every culture. However, their universality is still contested, as â€Å"human rights as laid out in the international covenants ignore the traditions, the religions, and the socio-cultural patterns of what used to be called the Third World† (Tharoor, 1998, para. 1). For example, in some African societies, â€Å"group rights have always taken precedence over individual rights, and political decisions have been made through group consensus, not through individual assertions of rights† (Tharoor, 1998, para. 4). There are many instances when traditional practices conflict with universal human rights. For example, female genital mutilation, practiced by some African and Asian people for cultural and communal reasons, translates into irreversible lifelong health risks for females (UNICEF, 2008). The debate whether human rights are universal is perennial. It is important to recognize, however, that an effective framework for the protection of human rights can be developed only using a bottom-up approach, giving the broad support of a society where human rights are promoted. References Tharoor, Shashi. (1998). Are Human Rights Universal? World Policy Journal, 16(4). Retieved June 11, 2009, from http://www. worldpolicy. org/journal/tharoor. html UNICEF. (2008). Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting. Retrieved June 11, 2009, from http://www. unicef. org/protection/index_genitalmutilation. html United Nations. (1948). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved June 11, 2009, from http://www. un. org/en/documents/udhr

Argumentative Essay on Tattoos

Many students especially college students do have a tendency of tattooing their bodies as they believe that tattoos are beautiful and acts as an identification mark or it may have a great meaning in their lives. Many youths especially the black American teenage boys and superstars have many tattoos all over their bodies. Some tattoo themselves just because their friends in the neighborhood or at school have tattoos thus I can argue that tattooing is an act of peer pressure.There are so many question asked on the importance of tattoos that’s why scholars have researched and wrote argumentative essay on tattoos that try to answer the many questions. There are variety of argumentative essay on tattoos that show the best methods that tattoos are drawn on peoples bodies outlining the methods which are less painful that the others and those whose tattoos are more visible and attractive than the others. Other argumentative essay on tattoos shows the pricing of various types of tattoo s and the people who are professionals in tattooing and why people should hire there services than others.This argumentative essay on tattoos are even published and sold in bookshops and social places that the youth frequently visit. Advertisements are everywhere in billboards to show the most well drawn tattoos the place where the tattooing is done and who does the tattooing as well as the pricing. This has become a booming business in some parts especially the urban centers were the tattooing services are easily accessible and were the influence is rampart. Some teenagers buy the argumentative essay on tattoos to show their friend and convince them how tattooing is fashionable.

Racism and Anti-Semitism

Racism and Anti-Semitism: Is it still A Problem in the United States? Melody D. Rahimi Logic Dr. Fail November 19, 2011 Racism and Anti-Semitism: Is it still A Problem in the United States? Racism and Anti-Semitism is an old debate. Although, most everyone thinks racism is objectionable, which ranges from cognitive, economic, or moral. Racism is the belief that human beings can be divided into races and that members of some races are inferior to members of other races. (Null, 2011). Anti-Semitism is prejudice against Jews. Racism and anti-Semitism is complex and still is a problem in the United States. Argument There are still racism and anti-Semitism crimes in the United States. In 2010, law enforcement agencies reported that 3,725 single-bias hate crime offenses were racially motivated. (Hate Crime, 2010). Of these offenses 69. 8 percent were motivated by anti-black bias. 18. 2 percent stemmed from anti-white bias. 5. 7 percent were a result of bias against groups of individuals consisting of more than one race (anti-multiple races, group. 5. 1 percent resulted from anti-Asian/Pacific Islander bias. 1. 2 percent were motivated by anti-American Indian/Alaskan Native bias. The Anti-Defamation League's annual Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents recorded 1,239 anti-Semitic incidents across the United States in 2010, which represents a 2. 3% increase over 2009. These included 22 physical assaults on Jewish individuals (down from 29 in 2009). There were 900 cases of anti-Semitic harassment, threats and events (up from 760 in 2009). Lastly, there were 317 cases of anti-Semitic vandalism (down from 422 in 2009). (Anti-Semitism, 2010). These statics show a slight increase in incidents and that racism and anti-Semitism still exists in the United States. There is till problem in the United States with racism and anti-Semitism. Racism and Anti-Semitism has existed throughout history. Racism is defined as hatred towards another – the belief that the other person is less human – because of language, place of birth, skin color, or customs. Racism has influenced every aspect of culture from wars, slavery, and nations. The United States power towards non-Am ericans has had a significant impact on history than any other form of racism. The first example of America is slavery. Slavery happened because the racist believed that Black Americans were less human than whites. The anger toward the Jews dates to the beginning of Jewish history. Christianity increased the hatred of the Jew. While America is caught up in racial uproar, the Middle East is center for the most anti-Semitism. (Hate Crime, 2010). Most Jewish Americans are moderate to liberal in their political affiliations. They are strong supporters of civil liberties and support clear separation of church and state, perhaps recalling their ancestors’ persecutions at the hands of religious authorities. The Anti-Defamation League, founded in 1913 to combat anti-Semitism, continues to monitor and report anti-Semitic incidents in the United States. It also supports civil liberties and a pro-Israeli foreign policy. (Anti-Semitism, 2010). Knowing the history of racism and anti-Semitism allows us to see that the problem has not been resolved over time. There is still a problem in the United States. There is a deductive argument for racism. Racism is a problem (P is S). Problem is unresolved (S is I). Therefore, racism is unresolved. (P is I). Then the inductive argument for racism is n 2010, of the 6,624 single bias incidents. There were 47. 3 percent were motivated by a racial bias (P). In 2009, Of the 6,598 single-bias incidents, 48. percent were motivated by a racial bias (P). In 2008, of the 7,780 single-bias incidents revealed that 51. 3 percent were motivated by a racial bias, (P). In 2011, of the single bias incidents, at least forty five percent will be motivated by racial bias. There is a deductive argument for Anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism is a problem. (P is S). Problem is unresolved (S is I). Therefore, Anti-Semitism is unresolved. (P is I). Then the inductive argument for anti-Semitism is in 2010, 1,239 anti-Semitic incidents across the United States (P). In 2009, there were 1,211 anti-Semitic incidents across the United States (P). In 2008, there were 1,352 anti-Semitic incidents across the United States (P). In 2011, of the anti-Semitic incidents across the United States, there will be 1,200. Of the agreements presented, there is still a problem with racism and anti-Semitism in the United States. Counter-Thesis and Counter-Argument However, there are other thoughts on racism and anti-Semitism. The counter thesis or argument would be that racism and anti-Semitism is not a problem in the United States today. One might say this is a moral argument. According to Mossler, â€Å"Moral arguments are different from other kinds of arguments. The main difference is this behind every conclusion about what â€Å"should† be done, ethically speaking, there is a value or values. Also, the values that underlie our moral arguments can typically be boiled down to three main kinds this problem would be considered values that relate to freedom (justice, respect, rights, equality, and so on). † (Mossler, 2010). Response to Counter-Thesis The response to the counter-thesis is although it is a moral argument, the deductive and inductive arguments premises and conclusions state that there is still a problem with racism and anti-Semitism in the United States. Therefore, there is still a problem in the United States. â€Å"Social theorists dispute whether, in its essence, racism is a belief or an ideology of racial inferiority, a system of social oppression on the basis of race, a form of discourse, discriminatory conduct, or an attitude of contempt or heartlessness (and its expression in individual or collective behavior). † (Racism, 1999). â€Å"Although virtually everyone thinks racism objectionable, people disagree over whether its central defect is cognitive (irrationality, prejudice), economic/prudential (inefficiency), or moral (unnecessary uffering, unequal treatment). † (Racism, 1999). Today one hears charges of unconscious, covert, institutional, paternalistic, benign, anti-racist, liberal, and even reverse racism. Racism is widely regarded as involving ignorance, irrationality, unreasonableness, injustice, and other intellectual and moral vices, to such an extent that today virtually no one is willing to accept the classification of oneself, one’s beliefs, and so on, as racist, except in contexts of self-reproach. As a result, classifying anything as racist, beyond the most egregious cases, is a serious charge and is often hotly disputed. † (Racism, 1999). In conclusion, people vary in their opinions about racism and anti-Semitism. These topics are an old debate. Although, most everyone thinks racism is objectionable, which ranges from cognitive, economic, or moral. Racism and anti-Semitism is complex and still is a problem in the United States. After reading the statics and history, we can believe that racism and anti-Semitism is still a problem in the United States. We can testify that we have witnessed or seen racism or anti-Semitism in our life. References The Anti-Defamation League. (1913). Retrieved from http://www. adl. org/main_Anti_Semitism_Domestic/default. htm Anti-Semitism. (2010). In Culture Wars: An Encyclopedia of Issues, Viewpoints, and Voices. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com/entry/sharpecw/anti_semitism Hate Crime. FBI. http://www. fbi. ov/about-us/cjis/ucr/hate-crime/2010/resources/hate-crime-2010-about-hate-crime (adapted from the sixth edition of the APA Publication Manual,  © 2010) Mosser, K. (2011). An introduction to logic. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. (https://content. ashford. edu) Nunn, Kenneth B. â€Å"Anti-Semitism. † World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 18 Nov. 2011. Nunn, Kenneth B. â€Å"Racism. † World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 18 Nov. 2011. Racism. (1999). In The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. Retrieved from http://www. credoreference. com/entry/cupdphil/racism

Mixed metal and mixed ligand for tri-nuclear complexes Research Proposal

Mixed metal and mixed ligand for tri-nuclear complexes - Research Proposal Example The first case involves trinuclear Au (I) adducts {[3, 5-(CF3)2Pz] Au}3.6 (Bowmaker et al, 2014). Complexes involving synthesis of silver(I) and copper(I) exist exhibiting the structures {[3,5-(CF3)2Pz]Ag}3 and {[3,5-(CF3)2Pz]Cu}3. The resultant effect is a copper complex that has a mixed vallent structure of {[3, 5-(CF3)2Pz]5Cu(II)2Cu(I). Cu2 dimer becomes available through treatment of {[3,5-(CF3)2Pz]Cu}3 with 2,4,6- collidine which is of an appropriate amount. Bis(pyrazolyl)borate adduct Cu1 is a byproduct that originates from the synthesis of collidine, CuOTf and [H2B(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)2]K (Lalinde et al, 2014) The equivalent related adducts of Silver Ag1 and Ag2 underwent analogous procedures during their preparations. Various methods characterized their differing complexes which include X-ray crystallography. Cu1 and Cu2 have trigonal planar sites of copper (Miyake et al, 2014. In contrast to the feature, Ag2 consists of Ag(u-N-N)2Ag unit that is found in half-boat conformation. The intermolecular distance between the Ag***Ag molecules is 3.5618A. Other crystals exist which feature Ag2 molecules comprising of flattened and boat chair conformations (BeÃŒ ziau et al, 2013). It becomes important to observe that bis(pyrazolyl)borato components and complexes such as Ag1 are rare due to their ease of decomposition on silver metal (Zhou et al, 2014). Therefore, unique photophysical properties are highlighted for the mononuclear and dinuclear silver(I) and copper(I) complexes. Biswas, S., Saha, R., & Ghosh, A. (2012). Copper (II)–Mercury (II) Heterometallic Complexes Derived from a Salen-Type Ligand: A New Coordination Mode of the Old Schiff Base Ligand. Organometallics, 31(10), 3844-3850. Bowmaker, G. A., Hanna, J. V., King, S. P., Marchetti, F., Pettinari, C., Pizzabiocca, A., ... & White, A. H. (2014). Complexes of Copper (I) Thiocyanate with Monodentate

Organic Food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Organic Food - Essay Example Almost all food stores now carry organic food. The popularity of organic food stores has increased because of its rapid demand all around the world. â€Å"The Annual sales of organic products in the United States are topping anywhere from $16.3 billion to $29.7 billion†. (Selvon, 2012) The demand has increased due to its several benefits. Grocery retailers who consider the consumer interest and reasons of rise in organic food consumption can eventually become market leaders. They are considered to be more nutritious, protect from harmful diseases, promotes well being and protects the environment. The National organic program was developed on 21st October 2002 and is a program for developing organic standards. It comprises of representatives from several categories such as farmer, retailer, processor, scientist, environmentalist and certifying agent. The USDA organic logo is an easy way to recognize organic products for the consumers and feel con?dent that they are purchasing a product that is pure and meets standards. The foods covered under current organic standards are fruits, meat and poultry, legumes, livestock feed, nuts, seeds and so on. Organic certification systems mostly have elements such as: 1. Standards: Standards must be clearly formulated and communicated among all parties. 2. Contracts and legal framework: Contracts and Legal framework should be bound by a legal system and written agreement. 3. Inspection: It is better that the inspection covers transactions, processing, production, labeling, storage and certification. 4. Certification: The three types of certification, direct certification, Co?certification and Local certification. Consumers needs and wants change with time. The consumers nowadays have started preferring organic food products over conventional foods. There are several reasons behind it. The main reason is that there is a rise in various diseases such as cancer, heart diseases, obesity etc. Consumers have become very healt h conscious. This health consciousness has risen because of increase in education attainment and media. (Minton, 2009) Various harmful chemicals such as heavy metals, synthetic pesticides and solvents such as benzene and toluene are found in non-organic foods. As Organic foods are chemical and toxin free so they protect individuals from several diseases and other harmful infections. (Nytimes, 2009) The study sponsored by the European Union confirmed that organic fruits and vegetables have more vitamins and minerals and up to  50% more antioxidants which are beneficial for humans. (Kidsorganics, n.d.) In addition people who are allergic to foods, chemicals or preservatives by switching to organic foods can gain relief. Children and fetuses less developed immune system is most vulnerable to pesticide and can cause behavioral disorders and developmental delays. Furthermore pregnant women should also avoid non-organic foods as these effects of harmful chemicals can be passed from them to their baby. (Medical news today, 2004) The fruits and vegetables with high pesticides in production are pears, peaches, spinach, celery, apple, grapes, bell peppers, potatoes and red raspberries. (Vitamin retailer, n.d.) Organic foods are fresh, natural, have better taste, color and flavor. Chefs nowadays mostly prefer to choose organic foods for their kitchens because of its superior taste. (Greenopolis, n.d.) Moreover, organic farming is better for other living things such as birds and small animals as pesticides can make it difficult for creatures to reproduce and can even kill them. Another reason is that consumers want to protect the environment from these harmful chemicals as they are the main cause of climatic change. Organic food produc

Abolitionist and the Civil War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Abolitionist and the Civil War - Essay Example The NARA Website contains large records of historical importance ranging from genealogy, military history, black studies and inventions etc. to many other categories of corporate and public interest. The website also offers several research resources for teachers and scholars. However, certain documents are not made available by NARA to the general public in the name of national security. This makes it quite difficult for researchers to discover and hypothesize several processes of historical importance. Similarly, the National Park Service (NPS), a federal agency working under the United States Department of the Interior, maintains national preserves assisting the general public about sites of historical and cultural importance. The NPS website offers several resources containing information on national parks associated with diverse American communities. The website is also a great resource for scholars interested in exploration of their ethnographic and cultural backgrounds. It has also incorporated an up-to-date e-History library for this purpose. However, the website information articles should offer monitored discussion in open forums to avoid discriminatory and biased information on different ethnic groups and communities. Undoubtedly, both websites are collectively serving well for preserving the national heritage.

Health Economics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health Economics - Research Paper Example This means that most firms sampled that remained in business lies below the mean rating of the ratio of current assets and current liabilities. The median is greater than the mean. Furthermore, it is noted that there is an outlier in the data with a firm showing a ratio of 0.23. The distribution is also spread wide as shown by low kurtosis value and longer range. On the other hand, the shape of the distribution for firms that failed is positively skewed. The data gathered showed that most firms that failed are above the mean. The distribution is also peaked and shorter ranged. b) To test the hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities, the statistical procedure conducted is t-test. A null hypothesis is first created. The null hypothesis would be that the ratio of current assets and liabilities has no effect on the success or failure of the firm. If the data departs from the null hypothesis, then our alternate hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities will be correct. Below are the data for the t-test. The results as shown by the table above indicated that there is a significant difference in the assets to liabilities ratio between the firms that remained and the firms that failed at the 0.05 level. ... The distribution is also peaked and shorter ranged. b) To test the hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities, the statistical procedure conducted is t-test. A null hypothesis is first created. The null hypothesis would be that the ratio of current assets and liabilities has no effect on the success or failure of the firm. If the data departs from the null hypothesis, then our alternate hypothesis that failed firms have a lower ratio of assets to liabilities will be correct. Below are the data for the t-test. t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances Alpha = 0.05 Firms that Remained Firms that Failed Mean 1.73 0.82 Variance 0.41 0.23 Observations 68 33 Pooled Variance 0.35 Hypothesized Mean Difference 0 df 99 t Stat 7.172 P(T

Is it possible to manage peoples values and emotions Essay

Is it possible to manage peoples values and emotions - Essay Example I shall be moving ahead after defining emotions in words of Dess (2010), values and finally the management of these features using the work of Totterwell (2012). In the next section, there would be a description of certain ways in which emotions can be controlled, modified in a workplace and in other environments as well while at the same time creating a distinction between suppression of an emotion its modification (Ostell, Baverstock, Wright 2012). There would be present some explanation of the how Paarlberg and Perry (2007) classify the management of values under the social context along with Willmott’s (1993) study bringing to light the setbacks faced by people over time due to mismanaged emotions in work settings. In the third section of this essay, I shall be elucidating the positive implications of management of emotions and values with reference to the works of Karp, Tanarugsachock (2000) and Shipman, Zeeman, Penza, and Champion (2000) stressing upon the fact that emot ion management has long been used in treating patients of mental disorders like anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder etc. Emotions are defined as a conscious experience that includes a state of (physiological) arousal and a mediating interpretation (Dess 2010). Keeping in mind this definition, emotion puts emphasis on two factors, arousal and an attempt on part of the experiencing person or animal to label the experience (Dess 2010). Values on the other hand refer to the beliefs of a set of people or a community regarding the ideas of good and bad, just and unjust, righteous and evil. They are the shared beliefs of a culture which guide a person’s manner in which he expresses his emotions in a situation and his attitude towards it. Emotions and values form an integral part of one’s life, both on individual level and at the level of community. Modulating one’s behavior is important in everyday dealings. Raw or untamed emotions

Successful Negotiation for Salary Raise Case Study

Successful Negotiation for Salary Raise - Case Study Example It's a quiet convincing statement which refers to human nature where most of the times s/he inquires 'what's in it for me'' and is willing to get into details of the situation. The case presented here is about asking my manager for increasing my salary. It's been almost two years that I have been part of the same organization on the same pay scale; however my job role has changed multiple times, mostly increasing the job responsibilities. Such duration was viable enough to prove my value as being part of the organization and fight the case. In the current scenario, I had an upper hand as recently my coworker resigned, leaving his share of job responsibilities upon my shoulder. Earlier I was managing just a single product line but now another one has been added, making my job role tougher claiming double the time and efforts. I was the only resource my boss had left in retail function, having the set of expertise and experience as I had. If at this point in time I leave, my boss would be left with loads to handle all by himself. Hiring another resource was always an option but as per the regressive interviewing process, it would have taken minimum of three months for hiring adding another three months for trainings and blending in of the new resource. The key here was to present my significance to the organization, specifically to my manager making him believe that I deserve more then what I am getting right now based on my capability of committing to extra amount of work., whereas saving their cost which will be incurred over hiring of the new resource. This did require careful measures, such that I don't look too assertive, giving an impression of over-ambition, nor too timid showing desperation. I was demanding 40% increase over my current gross salary... Alternatives included bonus equivalent to two months of my gross salary, organization paying for my college tuition fees, and one week paid vacations to one of the countries. In return, I was willing to take almost half of the responsibilities of my coworker who resigned or take up additional assignment, distinct to my current job responsibilities. If all above had not worked out, I was willing to take the counter offer I had in hand, which may have been close to my demand if not exceeding it. However this implied starting from scratch in understanding the way of work, getting in the flow and most importantly proving myself once again to my new employer. For my current employer, doing so meant investing their valuable time and resources in hiring and training two resources. Another option was to deny taking additional responsibilities which eventually could have turned out to be the reason for losing my job. My employer could have either let go of me right at the spot or could have removed me till they get a replacement to keep the job running. It was definitely not a piece of cake getting the management team to agree for paying me additional amount. I gathered the Do(s) and Don't(s) needed to be taken care of before presenting my case. Negotiation Process - Do(s) In order to make the negotiation process successful, it was essential to go beyond my current working methods and exhibit my talent. Below are the steps I followed to achieve the outcome: Identify the objective Just like a solution cannot be achieved till the problem is identified, results cannot be attained till objectives are defined. To keep my manager's attention focused, first and the foremost thing I did was to figure out my objective and the desired